This study aims to analyse the impact of wildlife trafficking on biodiversity and the legal and institutional forecasts for combating it. Brazil, a megabiodiverse country, finds it difficult to combat the existing crimes of trafficking, putting all fauna at risk. Therefore, this study analyses this issue, as follows: The first chapter deals with the environment and its conceptions, the second deals with international protection and Brazilian legislation on the subject. And finally, equipped with all the previous construction, the last chapter mentions the theme of wildlife trafficking, the conceptual part, the impacts, the combat and possible methods to make the problem scarce.