This compact and uniform textbook presents the contemporary state of the art of control theory and its applications. It introduces traditional problems that are useful in the automatic control of technical processes, as well as current issues such as decision taking in conditions of uncertainty, use of artificial intelligence methods, or control of complex operations. The methods covered are introduced in a practice-oriented way that allows the reader to easily apply them for the determination of decision algorithms in computer control and management systems. This concise textbook is aiming at students of automation, robotics, control engineering, and computer sciences.