This book provides an original and much needed account of France's relationship to human protection since the 1980s. To do so, it analyses a tale of two norms using an innovative theoretical framework: The first is 'France's domestic norm of human protection,' and the second is the dominant international principle or norm of human protection at the time (mainly, humanitarian intervention in the 1990s and the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) in the 2000s). Through this tale of two norms, but also thanks to interviews of key actors such as Gareth Evans and Bernard Kouchner, and the analysis of 14 case studies, the book brings together human protection, France's foreign policy, and norm diffusion and makes key contributions to each field. -- .