The goal of this book is to provide, for the first time, a reference to the most relevant applications of adaptive filtering techniques. Top researchers in the field contributed chapters addressing their specific topic of study. The topics are limited to those applications in acoustics, speech, wireless, and networking where research is still very active and open. The book is roughly organized into two parts. In the first part, several applications in acoustics and speech are developed. The second part focuses on wireless and networking applications. Some chapters are tutorial in nature, while others present new research ideas, and all have in common the use of adaptive algorithms to solve real-world problems.